Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pegwaro rekutakura zvinhu remuridzi wechikepe neregungwa rokutakura zvinhu?
Bhiri rekutakura zvinhu remuridzi wengarava rinoreva mari yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa (Master B/L, inonziwo master bill, sea bill, inodaidzwa seM bhiri) yakapihwa nekambani yekutumira.Inogona kupihwa kune yakananga muridzi wemutoro (mutakuri wekutakura haabudisi bhiri rekutakura panguva ino), kana inogona kupihwa kune anotakura zvinhu.(Panguva ino, anotakura zvinhu anotumira bhiri rekutakura kune akananga muridzi wemutoro).
Frood Metimer's Bill yekutakura (House B / l, zvakare inonzi sub-bhiri rekutaura Certification muna 2002, uye mutambi wekutungamira anofanira kuendesa kubhengi rakasarudzwa neBank raitakurwa kuitwe kubvumidzwa) Bumbiro rebhiri rekutungamira rakapihwa neushumiri Transport uye awana iyo NVOCC (Isiri-mudziyo unoshanda common carrier) qualification.Kazhinji inopihwa kune muridzi akananga wemutoro;Dzimwe nguva vezera racho vanoshandisa bhiri rekutakura, uye bhiri rekutenderera rinopihwa kune vezera racho rinoburitsa iro rayo bhiri rekutakura kune yakananga mutakuri muridzi.Mazuvano, kune kwakajairika maodha edzimba ekutengesa kunze kwenyika, kunyanya kunzvimbo dziri muEurope neUnited States.
Misiyano huru pakati pebhiramu yechigarava yekudyara uye yegungwa yegungwa yekuyira ndeye:
①Zviri mukati memuShipper neConsignee makoramu pabhiri rekutakura zvakasiyana: mutakuri webhiri rekutakura wemutakuri wenhumbi ndiye chaiye mutengesi kunze (akananga muridzi wemutoro), uye Consignee consignee anowanzo kuzadza mukoramu imwe chete yetsamba yekutumira mukati. zvinoenderana nezvinopihwa netsamba yechikwereti, kazhinji Kuodha;uye Kana iyo M order yapihwa kune iye chaiye mutengesi kunze, Mutakuri anozadza kune anotumira kunze, uye Consignee anozadza mutsamba yekutumira zvinoenderana nezviri mukati;kana M order yapihwa kune anotakura zvinhu, Mutakuri anozadza mutakuri wenhumbi, uye Mutakuri anozadza mumiririri weanotakura zvinhu pachiteshi chekwauri kuenda.vanhu.
②Maitirwo ekuchinjanisa maodha pachiteshi chekuenda akasiyana: chero uchinge wakabata M odha, unogona kuenda wakananga kusangano rekutumira pachiteshi chekuenda kunotsinhanisa bhiri rekutakura.Nzira yacho iri nyore uye inokurumidza, uye mari yacho yakanyatsogadziriswa uye yakachipa;nepo muridzi weH oda achifanira kuenda kune anotakura zvinhu pachiteshi chengarava kunochichinja.Chete neM kurongeka kwaunogona kuwana bhiri rekutakura uye kuenda kuburikidza netsika uye nzira dzekutora.Mutengo wekuchinja maodha unodhura uye hauna kugadzikiswa, uye unotemerwa zvachose nemutakuri wekutakura zvinhu pachiteshi chekuenda.
③Iyo M bhiri, senzira yegungwa, ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye yechokwadi chitupa chekodzero yezvivakwa.Kambani yekutumira ichaendesa zvinhu kune anotumirwa anoratidzwa paM bhiri pachiteshi chezvikepe.Kana mutengesi akawana H odha, zvinoreva kuti kutonga chaiko kwezvinhu zvinotumirwa kuri mumaoko eanotakura zvinhu (panguva ino, mutumwa weM order ndiye mumiriri wechiteshi chekuendesa kutakura zvinhu).Kana kambani yekutakura zvinhu ikaparara, mutengesi (mutengesi) achaita Mutengesi) haakwanisi kutora zvinhu kubva kukambani yekutumira neH-bhiri.
④Pazvinhu zvakazara zvebhokisi, zvese M uye H maodha anogona kupihwa, nepo kune LCL zvinhu, H maodha chete anogona kupihwa.Nekuti kambani yekutakura haizobatsira muridzi wemutoro kubatanidza midziyo, uye hazvizobatsire muridzi wemutoro kugovera zvinhu pachiteshi chezvitima.
⑤Nhamba yeB/L yegwaro rekutakura kutakura zvinhu haipinde mucustom manifest management system, uye yakasiyana nebhiri renhamba yekutakura pane chiziviso chekunze;iyo B/L nhamba yemuridzi wemutoro ine zita uye nzira yekuonana yekambani inotsiva, asi iyo kambani yekuonana haisi Port shipping makambani akadai sekunze vamiririri kana Sinotrans.
Maitiro eBL neHBL:
①Shipper inotumira tsamba yekutumira kune Forwarder, ichiratidza kana izere bhokisi kana LCL;
②Mabhuku ekutumira nzvimbo nekambani yekutumira.Mushure mekunge ngarava yakwira, kambani yekutumira inopa MBL kune anoendesa mberi.MBL's Shipper ndiye Forwarder pachiteshi chekusimuka, uye Cnee kazhinji ibazi reForwarder kana mumiririri pachiteshi chengarava;
③Mufambisi anosaina HBL kune Shipper, HAL's Shipper ndiye muridzi chaiye wezvinhu, uye Cnee anowanzo kuita tsamba yechikwereti kuTo Order;
④carrier inotakura zvinhu kunzvimbo yekuenda mushure mekunge ngarava ishizha;
⑤Mufambisi anotumira MBL kubazi rechiteshi chengarava kuburikidza neDHL/UPS/TNT, nezvimwe. (Kusanganisira: Custom Clearance Docs)
⑥Mushure mekunge Shipper awana bhiri rekutakura, anoendesa bhiri kubhangi renhaurirano remumba uye ogadzirisa shanduko mukati menguva yekutaura.Kana T / T Shipper inotumira zvinyorwa zvakananga kune vatengi vekunze;
⑦ Bhangi rinotaurirana richagadzirisa mari yekunze nebhangi rinopa neseti yakazara yemagwaro;
⑧Consignee anobhadhara rudzikinuro kubhangi rinopa;
⑨The chiendesa pachiteshi chekuenda kunotora iyo MBL kuenda kuChinyorwa yekutumira kuti utsinise kodhi kuti utore zvinhu uye tsika dzakajeka;
⑩Consignee anotora HBL kuti atore zvinhu kubva kuForwarder.
Musiyano wepamusoro uripo pakati pebhiri rekutakura remutakuri wengarava uye bhiri rekutakura remuridzi wechikepe: Kubva kumusoro, unogona kuziva kana iri Carrier kana Forwarder's bill of lading.Iwe unogona kuudza kambani hombe yekutakura nekungotarisa.Kufanana neEISU, PONL, ZIM, YML, nezvimwe.
Musiyano uripo pakati pebhiri rekutakura zvinhu nerekutakura zvinhu unonyanya kubva pane zvinotevera:
①Kana pasina kupihwa kwakakosha mutsamba yechikwereti, Freight Forwarder's B/L (HB/L) bhiri rekutakura harigamuchirwi.
②Musiyano uripo pakati pegwaro rekutakura remutakuri wengarava uye bhiri rekutakura remuridzi wechikepe rinonyanya mumusoro uye siginicha.
Anopa uye siginicha yebhiri rekutakurwa kwechikepe, ISBP neUCP600 inonyatso taura kuti inosainwa uye yakapihwa nemutakuri, kaputeni kana mumiriri wavo ane zita, uye musoro waro izita rekambani yekutumira.Mamwe makambani makuru ekutakura zvinhu anogona kuzviziva nekungotarisa, seEISU, PONL, ZIM, YML, etc. Bhiri rekutakura rekutakura zvinhu rinongoda kupihwa muzita reanotakura zvinhu, uye haafanire kuratidza zita. yemutakuri, uye hazvidi kuratidza kuti ndiye mutakuri kana mumiriri wemukuru.
Chekupedzisira, pane zvakare bhiri rekutakura kutakura zvinhu, rinova bhiri rekutakura zvinhu.Chero bedzi vaine mumiririri pachiteshi chekwavanoenda kana vachikwanisa kukwereta mumiririri, vanogona kusaina rudzi urwu rwemari yekutakura.Mukuita, hapana mirairo yakasimba yerudzi urwu rwebhiri rekutakura.Sezvo Kune zvitambi zveCarrier kana SeAgent.Zvimwe zvinotakura zvinhu hazvina kumira zvakanaka.Backdating kana pre-kukwereta zvinogoneka.Zvinogoneka kuti data inyeperwe.Vanhu vanonyengedzwa nyore nyore vanewo mabhiri akadaro ekutakura.Hapana humbowo hwekutarisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-24-2023
