Chii chinonzi certificate of origin?

Chii chinonzi certificate of origin?
Chitupa chekwakabva igwaro retifiketi rinoshanda zviri pamutemo rakapihwa nenyika dzakasiyana siyana zvinoenderana nemitemo yakakodzera yekwakabva kuratidza kwakabva zvinhu, kureva, nzvimbo yekugadzira kana kugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiyo "pasipoti" kuti zvinhu zvipinde mumunda wekutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda, zvichiratidza kuti zvinhu zvehupfumi nyika. Chitupa chekwakabva chine ruzivo nezve chigadzirwa, kwainoenda uye nyika yekutumira. Semuenzaniso, zvigadzirwa zvinogona kunzi "Made in the United States" kana "Made in China." Chitupa chekwakabva chinhu chinodiwa muzvibvumirano zvakawanda zvekuyambuka miganhu yekutengeserana nekuti chinogona kubatsira kuona kana zvimwe zvinhu zvichizadzisa mamiriro ekunze kana kuti zvinhu zviri pasi pemitero. Ndiyo imwe yemagwaro anobvumira kupinza kunze kwenyika. Pasina chitupa chekwakabva, hapana nzira yekubvisa tsika.

Chitupa cheMavambo igwaro rakasiyana kubva kune yekutengesa invoice kana kurongedza rondedzero. Tsika dzinoda kuti mutengesi asaine, siginicha inofanira kunge yakanaka, uye magwaro akabatanidzwa anofanira kusainwa nekudhindwa nekamuri yekutengeserana. Dzimwe nguva, tsika dzekuenda dzinogona kukumbira chitupa chekuongorora kubva kune imwe kamuri yekutengeserana, uye makamuri ekutengeserana anowanzo tora zvakakomba izvo zvinoonekwa. Humbowo hwekuongorora hunowanzo sanganisira chisimbiso chakanamirwa chemukamuri uye siginicha yemumiriri wekamuri ane mvumo. Dzimwe nyika kana matunhu anotambira zvitupa zvekutanga zvakasainwa nemagetsi nemakamuri ekutengeserana. Mutengi anogona zvakare kutsanangura mutsamba yechikwereti kuti chitupa chekwakabva chinodiwa, uye tsamba yechikwereti inogona kutsanangura chimwe chitupa kana mutauro uchashandiswa kuitira kuti chitupa chekwakabva chizadzise zvinodiwa.
Zvikumbiro zvezvitupa zvemagetsi zvekwakabva (eCo) zvinowanzoendeswa pamhepo, uye vanyoreri dzimwe nguva vanogona kuwana chitupa chemagetsi chakadhindwa nekamuri yekutengeserana mukati mezuva risingasviki, kana kutowana chitupa chepepa chakakurumidza husiku.

Ndeapi mapoka makuru ezvitupa zvekwakabva?
Munyika yedu, zvinoenderana nebasa rechitupa chekwakabva, kune matatu makuru mapoka ezvitupa zvekwakabva zvakapihwa kune kunze kwenyika:
①Non-preferential certificate yekwakabva: Inowanzozivikanwa se "general certificate of origin". Igwaro rinoratidza kuti zvinhu zvakabva munyika yangu uye zvinonakidzwa nemitero yakajairika (nyika inofarirwa zvakanyanya) mabatirwo enyika inopinza, inonzi CO certificate.
②Chitupa chakasarudzika chekwakabva: Unogona kunakidzwa nerubatsiro rwemutero kupfuura kurapwa kunofarirwa nenyika, kunyanya kusanganisira chitupa cheGSP chekwakabva uye chitupa chedunhu chakasarudzika.
③Chitupa chehunyanzvi chekwakabva: Chitupa chekwakabva chakatsanangudzwa kune chaiwo zvigadzirwa muindasitiri yakakosha, senge "Sitifiketi Yekutanga kweZvigadzirwa Zvekurima Zvinotengeswa kuEU", nezvimwe.

Chitupa chekwakabva chii?
①Kupa zvinhu: Bato rekutengesa rinoshandisa chitupa chekwakabva seimwe yemavhocha ekupa zvinhu, kugadzirisa mubhadharo, uye kugadzirisa zvichemo;
②Nyika inopinza inoisa mitemo yekutengeserana: sekushandisa mabatirwo emitengo yakasiyana, kuita zvirambidzo zvehuwandu uye kutonga kutengwa kune dzimwe nyika;
③Kudzikiswa kwemutero uye kusasununguka: Kunyanya, zvitupa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemabviro magwaro anodiwa kuti unakirwe nerubatsiro rwemutero munyika inopinza. Vanotorwa nevakawanda vanotenga kunze kwenyika se "goridhe kiyi" uye "pepa goridhe" kuderedza mutengo wezvinhu. Vanosimudzira zvakare mukurumbira wepasi rose wemidziyo yenyika yedu. Kukwikwidzana.

Zvinyorwa zveSitifiketi Yekwakabva:
① Mamiriro echitupa chekwakabva akakwidzwa panguva yechiziviso anofanirwa kuenderana negwaro mirau, kuve ruvara rweyekutanga, uye zviri muchitupa zvinofanirwa kujeka. Ndokumbira utarise kuti ndapota isa iyo "Yekutanga" vhezheni, uye haifanirwe kurodha iyo "Copy" kana "Triplicate" vhezheni;
②Masiginicha uye zvisimbiso mugwaro remvumo rinopa uye chikamu chemutengesi wechitupa chekwakabva anofanira kunge akazara uye akajeka;
③Chitupa chemutengesi kunze chinofanirwa kuenderana neinvoice nekondirakiti;
④Kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune zuva chikamu chechitupa:
(1) Zuva rekubudiswa kweSitifiketi rinotsanangura: Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement iri panguva yekutengeswa kunze kwenyika kana mukati memazuva matatu ekushanda mushure mekutumira; China-ASEAN Yemahara Yekutengeserana Agreement isati yatumirwa, panguva yekutumira, kana nekuda kwekumanikidza majeure, mukati me3 mazuva mushure mekutumira; China-Peru Trade Agreement uye China-Australia Free Trade Agreement zviri pamberi kana panguva yekutengeserana kunze; iyo Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) isati yatumirwa;
(2) Chitupa chechokwadi nguva: Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement, China-Peru Free Trade Agreement. The China-Australia Free Trade Agreement uye Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) inoshanda kwegore rimwe kubva pazuva rachichipa;
(3) Reissue certificate nguva: The China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement inotaura kuti chitupa chinogona kudzorerwa mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri; Chibvumirano cheChina-Australia Free Trade Agreement chinotara kuti chitupa chinogona kudzorerwa mukati megore kubva pakutumirwa kwezvinhu; chibvumirano cheAsia-Pacific Trade Agreement hachibvumiri kubudiswazve.
⑤ Kana gwaro remabviro rikasapihwa zvinoenderana nenguva yakataurwa mugwaro, uye chiremera chinoburitsa chikapa chitupa chekwakabva, mazwi okuti "AKABUDZWA ZVAKABUDZWA" (kuburitswazve) anofanira kuiswa pachitupa;
⑥Zita rengarava nenhamba yerwendo pachitupa chekwakabva zvinofanirwa kuenderana nefomu rekuzivisa tsika;
⑦Madijiti mana ekutanga eHS kodhi yechitupa chekwakabva pasi peAsia-Pacific Trade Agreement inofanira kuenderana nefomu rekuzivisa nezvetsika; nhamba 8 dzekutanga dzeHS code ye "Cross-Strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement" (ECFA) chitupa chekwakabva chinofanira kuenderana nefomu rekuzivisa tsika; kumwe kutengeserana kwakasarudzika Madijiti matanhatu ekutanga eHS kodhi yechitupa chakabvumiranwa chekwakabva anofanira kuenderana nefomu rekuzivisa nezvetsika.
⑧Huwandu huri pachitupa chekwakabva hunofanirwa kuenderana nehuwandu uye chiyero chechiyero chakaziviswa mufomu yekuzivisa tsika. Semuenzaniso, huwandu hwakanyorwa paChina-ASEAN Yemahara Trade Agreement chitupa chekwakabva "Gross huremu kana net huremu kana humwe huwandu". Kana chiremera chinopa chiremera chikasaita chirevo chakakosha pahuwandu pakuburitsa chitupa chekwakabva, chinozomira kune huwandu hwakanyorwa pachitupa chekwakabva. Huremu hwakadzama uye huwandu hwechitupa chekwakabva hunofanirwa kuenderana nehuremu hwefomu rekuzivisa nezvetsika. Kana huwandu hwechitupa chekwakabva huri pasi pehuremu hwakazara, ipapo chikamu chinodarika huwandu hwakanyorwa pachitupa chekwakabva hachigone kunakidzwa nemutero wakabvumiranwa.
⑨Chinhu che "Origin Criteria" chinopinzwa nebhizinesi pahwindo rimwe chete chinofanira kuenderana ne"Mavambo criterion" kana "Origin Conferring Criterion" yechitupa chekwakabva. Ndokumbirawo uve nechokwadi chekuiisa nenzira kwayo panguva yekushandisa;
⑩Invoice nhamba uye zuva rakaiswa muinvoice nhamba yekoramu yechitupa chekwakabva zvinofanirwa kuenderana nenhamba yeinvoice uye zuva rakanamirwa pafomu yekuzivisa tsika.